Although limestone outcrops occur at relatively low altitudes in Scotland, strong winds make this a very tough environment for plants. Grikes and crevices in the limestone rock create a range of sheltered spots for plants to thrive.

Asplenium ruta-muraria in limestone pavement at Inchnadamph, NW Highlands.

The strong winds and grazing animals prevent the growth of trees and shrubs, which would otherwise shade out the wide variety of species that grow here.