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22. Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner NELUMBONACEAE Sacred lotus, Egyptian Bean; Hindi: kamal, कमल This aquatic plant is important in Buddhist, Jain and Hindu iconography. The beautiful flower (which can be…
23. Oryza sativa L. GRAMINEAE Rice; Hindi: dhan, धान, chaval, चावल; Bengali: chal The grain of this cereal grass is the major carbohydrate source throughout tropical Asia. Cultivated for…
24. Saccharum officinarum L. GRAMINEAE Sugar cane; Hindi: ganna, गन्ना Sugar cane is a giant grass, widely cultivated for the juice expressed from its crushed stems, from which sugar…
25. Cycas pectinata Buchanan-Hamilton CYCADACEAE This species is a native of North-East India and mainland South-East Asia, where it occurs on subtropical hill slopes at altitudes of up to…
26. Calamus flagellum Griffith PALMAE This is one of the native Indian species of rattan (climbing palms), occurring in subtropical parts of the East Himalaya, North-East India and Bangladesh,…
27. Crinum asiaticum L. AMARYLLIDACEAE Hindi: Nagadamani, नागदामिनी This large, bulbous herb is widely cultivated in the tropics, and as a hothouse plant in temperate regions. It is native…
28. Molineria capitulata (Loureiro) Herbert HYPOXIDACEAE A herbaceous plant of the shady floor of subtropical and tropical forests in South and South-East Asia. In India it occurs in West…
29. Bambusa vulgaris Schrader ex Wendland GRAMINEAE Hindi: bans, बांस A tree-sized species of bamboo, widely cultivated in the tropics, but probably native to South and South-East Asia including…
30. Reinwardtia indica Dumortier LINACEAE Hindi: basanti, बसंती A member of the flax family which is unusual in having individuals with three different flower forms (a condition known as…
31. Duchesnea indica (Andrews) Focke ROSACEAE In its creeping habit and red fruit, this plant resembles a small strawberry, but its flowers are bright yellow and the fruits are…
32. Polygonatum oppositifolium (Wallich) Royle CONVALLARIACEAE This subtropical relative of the native European Solomon’s seal was discovered by Nathaniel Wallich on his expedition to Nepal in 1820 to 1821….
33. Rhododendron dalhousiae J.D. Hooker ERICACEAE Lady Dalhousie’s rhododendron Native of the Eastern Himalaya, this species, which has fragrant flowers, often grows as an epiphyte on mossy tree trunks….
34. Codariocalyx motorius (Houttyn) Ohahsi LEGUMINOSAE John Hope’s ‘moving plant of Bengal’ Around 1775 the Scottish surgeon James Kerr sent a drawing of this plant by a Bengali artist…
35. Hedychium gardnerianum Ker Gawler ZINGIBERACEAE Mr Gardner’s garland flower According to Nathaniel Wallich this plant was ‘the queen of the genus if not of the whole [ginger] order’….
36. Wallichia disticha T. Anderson PALMAE This is a very unusual palm in its leaf arrangement. The leaves are borne ‘distichously’, that is, in a single plane on opposite…
37. Himalayacalamus falconeri (Munro) P.C. Keng GRAMINEAE A clump-forming bamboo that occurs in cool, broad-leaved forests at altitudes of between 2000 and 2550 metres, from Uttarakhand (Kumaon) eastwards through…
38. Platanus orientalis L. PLATANACEAE Eastern plane, chinar This species has commonly been considered to be one of the parents of the more widely planted London plane (Platanus ×…
39. Cupressus torulosa D. Don CUPRESSACEAE Twisted cypress When Hugh Cleghorn was surveying the timber resources of the Western Himalaya in the early 1860s, he noted that this species…
40. Picea smithiana (Wallich) Boisser PINACEAE West Himalayan spruce; NW Himalaya: rai, tos; Kumaon: morinda A Western Himalayan tree, occurring from Afghanistan to Central Nepal. It was named by…
41. Cedrus deodara (G. Don) G. Don PINACEAE Deodar, Himalayan cedar; Hindi: devdar, देवदार With its gracefully pendent branches and pyramidal shape, this was perhaps the most familiar of…